1. Home
  2. Vol 5, No 2 (2021)
  3. Yustika Yustika

Students’ self-compassion and academic resilience in pandemic era

  • Abstract Views: 1458
  • PDF Downloads: 4
  • December 31, 2021
  • Yustika Yustika Universitas Indonesia,  Indonesia
  • Pratiwi Widyasari Universitas Indonesia,  Indonesia
Corresponding Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24036/00458za0002

Keywords:

Academic Resilience, Covid-19 Pandemic, Distance Learning, Self-Compassion, Twelfth Grade High School Students

Abstract

During the covid-19 pandemic, 12th grade high school students felt more stressed and tired due to a continued isolation. Therefore, academic resilience is needed so that students can face existing academic problems. It was found that self-compassion can foster resilience. This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-compassion using the Indonesian version of the Self-Compassion Scale and Academic Resilience using the Academic Resilience Scale-30. 277 participants from 12th grade high school students who are distance learning took part in this correlational research. Results show that there is a positive correlation between self-compassion and academic resilience. This therefore results in a new finding of how students could be more academically resilient in facing academic burdens during the pandemic. To get a more comprehensive picture, future studies could explore more demographic data, such as whether anyone assists students while distance learning and how stressed students are.

Full Text:

References

Abiola, T., & Udofia, O. (2011). Psychometric assessment of the Wagnild and young's resilience scale in Kano, Nigeria. BMC Research Notes, 4(1), 509. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-4-509

Allen, A. B., & Leary, M. R. (2010). Self-compassion, stress, and coping. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(2), 107-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00246.x

Arslan, G., Yıldırım, M., TANHAN, A., Bulus, M., & Allen, K. (2020). Coronavirus stress, optimism-pessimism, psychological inflexibility, and psychological health: Psychometric properties of the coronavirus stress measure. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/n6dcj

Beauvais, A. M., Stewart, J. G., DeNisco, S., & Beauvais, J. E. (2014). Factors related to academic success among nursing students: A descriptive correlational research study. Nurse Education Today, 34(6), 918-923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2013.12.005

Beka, M. B., Daga, E. G., Doboro, E. D., & Dominiko, T. (2014). Risk factors and resilience: The case of second cycle primary school children in Wolaita zone, Ethiopia. Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(2), 249. https://doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v1i2.5920

Bluth, K., Gaylord, S. A., Campo, R. A., Mullarkey, M. C., & Hobbs, L. (2015). Making friends with yourself: A mixed methods pilot study of a mindful self-compassion program for adolescents. Mindfulness, 7(2), 479-492. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0476-6

Bluth, K., Mullarkey, M., & Lathren, C. (2018). Self-compassion: A potential path to adolescent resilience and positive exploration. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(9), 3037-3047. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1125-1

Bluth, K., & Neff, K. D. (2018). New frontiers in understanding the benefits of self-compassion. Self and Identity, 17(6), 605-608. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2018.1508494

Breines, J. G., & Chen, S. (2012). Self-compassion increases self-improvement motivation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(9), 1133-1143. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167212445599

Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822-848. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822

Candra, A. (2019, July 19). Timeline Kegiatan Kelas 12: Kenapa Lo Harus Belajar SBMPTN Dari Sekarang. Zenius Blog. https://www.zenius.net/blog/12236/jadwal-kesibukan-kelas-12

Cassidy, S. (2016). The academic resilience scale (ARS-30): A new multidimensional construct measure. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01787

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155

Colp, S. M., & Nordstokke, D. W. (2014). “Exploring the measurement of academic resilience,” in Proceedings of the Symposium presentation at the Canadian Psychological Association’s 75th Annual Convention. Vancouver, British Columbia.

DeVore, R. (2013). Analysis of gender differences in self-statements and mood disorders. McNair Scholars Research Journal, 9, 7.

Fajrian, H. (2020, March 15). Cegah COVID-19, Jokowi: Saatnya Bekerja, Belajar Dan Ibadah Dari Rumah. Berita Terkini Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia - Katadata.co.id. https://katadata.co.id/happyfajrian/berita/5e9a4214a3052/cegah-covid-19-jokowi-saatnya-bekerja-belajar-dan-ibadah-dari-rumah

Fallon, C. M. (2010). School Factors that Promote Academic Resilience in Urban Latino High School Students. Doctoral Dissertation paper 122, Loyola University, Chicago.

Feldman, C., & Kuyken, W. (2011). Compassion in the landscape of suffering. Contemporary Buddhism, 12(1), 143-155. https://doi.org/10.1080/14639947.2011.564831

Gilbert, P., & Procter, S. (2006). Compassionate mind training for people with high shame and self-criticism: Overview and pilot study of a group therapy approach. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 13(6), 353-379. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.507

Golden, B. (2019, January 12). How Self-Criticism Threatens You in Mind and Body. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/overcoming-destructive-anger/201901/how-self-criticism-threatens-you-in-mind-and-body

Hope, N., Koestner, R., & Milyavskaya, M. (2014). The role of self-compassion in goal pursuit and well-being among University freshmen. Self and Identity, 13(5), 579-593. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2014.889032

Kerr, B., & Sodano, S. (2003). Career assessment with intellectually gifted students. Journal of Career Assessment, 11(2), 168-186. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072703011002004

Khalaf, M. A. (2014). Validity and reliability of the academic resilience scale in egyptian context. US China Educ. Rev. B, 4, 202-210.

Kouzma, N. M., & Kennedy, G. A. (2004). Self-reported sources of stress in senior high school students. Psychological Reports, 94(1), 314-316. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.1.314-316

KPAI, T. (2020, April 28). KPAI: Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh minim Interaksi. Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI). https://www.kpai.go.id/berita/kpai-pembelajaran-jarak-jauh-minim-interaksi

Leadbeater, B. J., Kuperminc, G. P., Blatt, S. J., & Hertzog, C. (1999). A multivariate model of gender differences in adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problems. Developmental Psychology, 35(5), 1268-1282. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.35.5.1268

Leary, M. R., Tate, E. B., Adams, C. E., Batts Allen, A., & Hancock, J. (2007). Self-compassion and reactions to unpleasant self-relevant events: The implications of treating oneself kindly. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(5), 887-904. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.887

Lefebvre, J., Montani, F., & Courcy, F. (2020). Self-compassion and resilience at work: A practice-oriented review. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 22(4), 437-452. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422320949145

Li, A., Wang, S., Cai, M., Sun, R., & Liu, X. (2020). Self-compassion and life-satisfaction among Chinese self-quarantined residents during COVID-19 pandemic: A moderated mediation model of positive coping and gender. Personality and Individual Differences, 170, 110457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110457

Lodge, J. M., Kennedy, G., Lockyer, L., Arguel, A., & Pachman, M. (2018). Understanding difficulties and resulting confusion in learning: An integrative review. Frontiers in Education, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2018.00049

Luo, X., Qiao, L., & Che, X. (2018). Self-compassion modulates heart rate variability and negative affect to experimentally induced stress. Mindfulness, 9(5), 1522-1528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-0900-9

MacBeth, A., & Gumley, A. (2012). Exploring compassion: A meta-analysis of the association between self-compassion and psychopathology. Clinical Psychology Review, 32(6), 545-552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.06.003

Marsh, I. C., Chan, S. W., & MacBeth, A. (2017). Self-compassion and psychological distress in adolescents—a meta-analysis. Mindfulness, 9(4), 1011-1027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0850-7

Martin, A. J., & Marsh, H. W. (2003). Academic resilience and the four Cs: Confidence, control, composure, and commitment. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.86.5636&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Martin, A. J., & Marsh, H. W. (2006). Academic resilience and its psychological and educational correlates: A construct validity approach. Psychology in the Schools, 43(3), 267-281. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.20149

Martin, A. J. (2007). The Motivation and Engagement Scale. Sydney, Australia: Lifelong Achievement Group.

McLafferty, M., Mallet, J., & McCauley, V. (2012). Coping at university: the role of resilience, emotional intelligence, age and gender. J. Quant. Psychol. Res. 1, 1–6.

Morales, E. E. (2008). Exceptional female students of color: Academic resilience and gender in higher education. Innovative Higher Education, 33(3), 197-213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10755-008-9075-y

Muris, P., Otgaar, H., Meesters, C., Heutz, A., & van den Hombergh, M. (2019). Self-compassion and adolescents’ positive and negative cognitive reactions to daily life problems. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28(5), 1433-1444.

Neff, K. (2003a). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2(2), 85-101. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032

Neff, K. D. (2003b). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309027

Neff, K. D. (2011). Self-compassion, self-esteem, and well-being. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00330.x

Neff, K. D. (2015). The self-compassion scale is a valid and theoretically coherent measure of self-compassion. Mindfulness, 7(1), 264-274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0479-3

Neff, K. D. (2018). Setting the record straight about the self-compassion scale. Mindfulness, 10(1), 200-202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-1061-6

Neff, K. D., Hsieh, Y., & Dejitterat, K. (2005). Self-compassion, achievement goals, and coping with academic failure. Self and Identity, 4(3), 263-287. https://doi.org/10.1080/13576500444000317

Neff, K. D., Kirkpatrick, K. L., & Rude, S. S. (2007). Self-compassion and adaptive psychological functioning. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(1), 139-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.03.004

Neff, K. D., & McGehee, P. (2010). Self-compassion and psychological resilience among adolescents and young adults. Self and Identity, 9(3), 225-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860902979307

Neff, K. D., Pisitsungkagarn, K., & Hsieh, Y. (2008). Self-compassion and self-construal in the United States, Thailand, and Taiwan. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39(3), 267-285. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022108314544

Neff, K. D., & Vonk, R. (2009). Self-compassion versus global self-esteem: Two different ways of relating to oneself. Journal of Personality, 77(1), 23-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00537.x

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Larson, J., & Grayson, C. (1999). Explaining the gender difference in depressive symptoms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(5), 1061-1072. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.5.1061

Olson, K., & Kemper, K. J. (2014). Factors associated with well-being and confidence in providing compassionate care. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 19(4), 292-296. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156587214539977

Olson, K., Kemper, K. J., & Mahan, J. D. (2015). What factors promote resilience and protect against burnout in first-year pediatric and medicine-pediatric residents? Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 20(3), 192-198. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156587214568894

Phillips, W. J. (2019). Self-compassion mindsets: The components of the self-compassion scale operate as a balanced system within individuals. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00452-1

Powers, T. A., Koestner, R., Zuroff, D. C., Milyavskaya, M., & Gorin, A. A. (2011). The effects of self-criticism and self-oriented perfectionism on goal pursuit. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(7), 964-975.

Raes, F., Pommier, E., Neff, K. D., & Van Gucht, D. (2010). Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the self-compassion scale. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 18(3), 250-255. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.702

Roeser, R. W., & Pinela, C. (2014). Mindfulness and compassion training in adolescence: A developmental contemplative science perspective. New Directions for Youth Development, 2014(142), 9-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/yd.20094

Ruble, D. N., & Martin, C. L. (1998). Gender development. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.) (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (5th ed., pp. 933–1016). New York: Wiley.

Satuan Tugas Penanganan COVID-19. (2020, August 8). Penyesuaian Kebijakan Pembelajaran di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. covid19.go.id. https://covid19.go.id/p/protokol/penyesuaian-kebijakan-pembelajaran-di-masa-pandemi-covid-19

Sbarra, D. A., Smith, H. L., & Mehl, M. R. (2012). When leaving your ex, love yourself. Psychological Science, 23(3), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611429466

Smeets, E., Neff, K., Alberts, H., & Peters, M. (2014). Meeting suffering with kindness: Effects of a brief self-compassion intervention for female college students. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70(9), 794-807. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22076

Smith, J. L. (2015). Self-compassion and resilience in senior living residents. Seniors Housing and Care Journal, 23(1), 17-31.

Solomon, O. (2013). Exploring the relationship between resilience, perceived stress and academic achievement. https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/576570/1/Olivia%20SOLOMON%20(MMU).pdf

Sugianto, D., Suwartono, C., & Sutanto, S. H. (2020). Reliabilitas Dan validitas self-compassion scale versi Bahasa Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 7(2), 177-191. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu107

Talaee, N., Varahram, M., Jamaati, H., Salimi, A., Attarchi, M., Kazempour dizaji, M., Sadr, M., Hassani, S., Farzanegan, B., Monjazebi, F., & Seyedmehdi, S. M. (2020). Stress and burnout in health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic: Validation of a questionnaire. Journal of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-020-01313-z

Terry, M. L., Leary, M. R., & Mehta, S. (2013). Self-compassion as a buffer against homesickness, depression, and dissatisfaction in the transition to college. Self and Identity, 12(3), 278-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2012.667913

Triyana, M. (2015). Hubungan Antara resiliensi dengan stres dalam menyusun skripsi pada mahasiswa program studi psikologi fakultas kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret. Digital Library UNS. https://digilib.uns.ac.id/dokumen/detail/49511/Hubungan-antara-resiliensi-dengan-stres-dalam-menyusun-skripsi-pada-mahasiswa-program-studi-psikologi-fakultas-kedokteran-Universitas-Sebelas-Maret

Wang, M. C., Haertel, G. D., and Walberg, H. J. (1994). “Educational resilience in inner cities,” in Educational Resilience in Inner-city America: Challenges and Prospects, eds M. C. Wang and E. W. Gordon (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum), 45–72.

Warren, R., Smeets, E., & Neff, K. (2016). Self-criticism and self-compassion: risk and resilience: being compassionate to oneself is associated with emotional resilience and psychological well-being. Current Psychiatry, 15(12), 18-28.

Waxman, C. H., Gray, J. P., & Padron, Y. N. (2003). Review of Research on Educational Resilience: Research Report. Washington, DC: Institute of Education Sciences.

Williams, J. G., Stark, S. K., & Foster, E. E. (2008). Start today or the very last day? The relationships among self-compassion, motivation, and procrastination. In American journal of psychological research.

Zessin, U., Dickhäuser, O., & Garbade, S. (2015). The relationship between self-compassion and well-being: A meta-analysis. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 7(3), 340-364. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12051

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.